Which process is essential for reducing trihalomethane levels in water treatment?

Ozonation is recognized as an essential process for reducing trihalomethane (THM) levels in water treatment. Trihalomethanes are byproducts that result from the reaction of chlorine disinfectants with organic matter in water. Ozone, being a strong oxidizing agent, effectively breaks down organic materials and precursors that lead to the formation of THMs, thereby reducing their levels significantly.

The use of ozone in water treatment not only minimizes THM formation but also has the added benefit of improving overall water quality by killing pathogens and oxidizing contaminants without leaving harmful residuals like chlorinated compounds. Overall, ozonation enhances the efficacy of the water treatment process while simultaneously addressing health concerns associated with THMs.

The other processes, although important in water treatment, do not specifically focus on the reduction of trihalomethanes. Filtration is primarily concerned with physically removing particles and sediments from water, chlorination introduces chlorine that can actually form THMs, and fluoridation is aimed at dental health rather than the control of disinfection byproducts.